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waste VIC STATE Major Transport Infrastructure Authority
$19.0B

Victorian Big Build: West Gate Tunnel + Metro Tunnel + North East Link — $19B in Combined Overruns

Victoria's three flagship Big Build projects — West Gate Tunnel, Metro Tunnel, and North East Link — have collectively blown out by $19 billion from their original combined budget of $25 billion. The VAGO found all three suffered from undercooked business cases, optimism bias in cost estimates, and inadequate contractor risk allocation.

Department: Major Transport Infrastructure Authority
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What This Means

$19.0B of Australian taxpayer money was wasted at Major Transport Infrastructure Authority. Victoria's three flagship Big Build projects — West Gate Tunnel, Metro Tunnel, and North East Link — have collectively blown out by $19 billion from their original combined budget of $25 billion. The VAGO found all three suffered from undercooked business cases, optimism bias in cost estimates, and inadequate contractor risk allocation.

Spread across Australia's 10.8 million households, that's roughly $1,759 per family — enough in total for funding roughly 158 public hospitals for a full year.

  • Victoria's 'Big Build' program was the centrepiece of the Andrews government's infrastructure agenda.
  • Three signature projects: West Gate Tunnel (WGT), Metro Tunnel (MTT), and North East Link (NEL).
  • Declared costs at announcement: WGT $6.7B → now $11.3B (+69%, +$4.6B); MTT $11B → now $14.8B (+35%, +$3.8B); NEL $15.8B → now $26.1B (+65%, +$10.3B).
Amount Spent
$44,000,000,000
Original Estimate
$25,000,000,000
Waste / Overrun
$19,000,000,000
Cost Overrun
76%

Analysis

Victoria's 'Big Build' program was the centrepiece of the Andrews government's infrastructure agenda. Three signature projects: West Gate Tunnel (WGT), Metro Tunnel (MTT), and North East Link (NEL). Declared costs at announcement: WGT $6.7B → now $11.3B (+69%, +$4.6B); MTT $11B → now $14.8B (+35%, +$3.8B); NEL $15.8B → now $26.1B (+65%, +$10.3B). Combined blowout: $18.7B, or a 75% aggregate overrun. VAGO 2022 audit of the West Gate Tunnel found: the business case BCR was 1.04 (barely positive) but this assumed a toll regime that the government later modified, rendering the original BCR invalid; risk transfer to the contractor (CPB/John Holland consortium) was inadequate — design risk was retained by the State; and the 2020 PFAS contamination dispute led to a $6.4B contract extension with the consortium after the State accepted liability for asbestos and PFAS disposal costs. Metro Tunnel: the original 2016 $11B estimate excluded Footscray Road tunnel works ($1.2B), station precinct development ($0.9B), and systems integration ($1.7B). VAGO 2021 found the omissions were identified during business case development but excluded to keep the headline number below $12B for approval. North East Link: VAGO 2023 found the project faced $4.3B in cost increases driven by material cost escalation and contractor claims that the State bore under the alliance contract structure.

Sources

https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/report/west-gate-tunnel-projecthttps://www.audit.vic.gov.au/report/metro-tunnel-projecthttps://www.audit.vic.gov.au/report/north-east-link
Category: waste
Severity: critical
Agency: Major Transport Infrastructure Authority
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Department: Major Transport Infrastructure Authority
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